Add Client-side Searching via Fuse.js to Static Sites

原文链接： https://yihui.org/en/2023/09/fuse-search/

Normally web searching is performed on the server side. That is, when you send a
query with some keywords, the server will search its database that contains all
data of a website. Searching can also be performed on the client side, i.e., in
your web browser via JavaScript. Several JS libraries can do this job, such as
lunr.js and fuse.js. They are not
designed specifically for site searching but are more general-purpose—web
searching is just one possible application.

In this post, I will show three quick steps to support searching on a static
website. I’m using Hugo as the example, but the same code can be applied to any
static site generator as long as it can generate the JSON database described in
the first section below.

The JSON database

A static site does not have a database backend. All pages are plain HTML files.
We need to write the content of these files to a JSON file that can be fed into
the JS searching library later. For Hugo sites, this can be easily achieved by a
template layouts/_default/index.json.json:¹

[ 
 
, 
 
 
] 

With the range loop, we can write the URL, title, and plain content of all
regular pages to a JSON file that looks like this:

[ 
  {"uri": "/foo/", "title": "Hi foo", "content": "This is foo."}, 
  {"uri": "/bar/", "title": "Hi bar", "content": "This is bar."} 
] 

The output config

To tell Hugo to actually generate the aforementioned index.json file, you need
to specify the outputs field in your config file (config.yaml or
hugo.yaml):²

outputs: 
  home: ["html", "rss", "json"] 

You can see this Git
commit for an example.

The search page

Next you add a search page to your site, e.g., search.md under the content/
directory (or any subdirectory—the location does not matter). In the body of
this .md file, you include the following three pieces of code.³

The HTML (UI)

First, we provide a search input with an ID search-input, and a container with
a class search-results to show the search results:

<input type="search" id="search-input"> 
 
<div class="search-results"> 
<section> 
<h2><a target="_blank"></a></h2> 
<div class="search-preview"></div> 
</section> 
</div> 

Inside the container, we provide a template to display each result. This
template should be a single HTML element (e.g., a <section> above) that
contains at least two elements: <a> to provide links to result pages, and an
element with a class search-preview to display a short preview of the page
content. You can add other elements to the template freely if you want.

The JavaScript

Next, we load the fuse.js library, and a JS script that I wrote to implement
site searching:⁴

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]" defer></script> 
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@xiee/utils/js/fuse-search.min.js" defer></script> 

Styling (optional)

Last, you may want to style your search input and results with CSS, although
this is optional. Below I’m making the input full-width, increasing its font
size, highlighting keywords in results (wrapped in <b></b>), and indenting the
preview text:

<style type="text/css"> 
#search-input { 
  width: 100%; 
  font-size: 1.2em; 
  padding: .5em; 
} 
.search-results b { 
  background-color: yellow; 
} 
.search-preview { 
  margin-left: 2em; 
} 
</style> 

You may see this Git
commit for an example that
includes the HTML, JS, and CSS.

Now you can visit this search page on your website and start searching. You can
include the link to this page in your site
menu to make it easier to
discover. I added the link to the bottom menu of my site.

Customization

Besides styling the HTML UI via CSS, there are a few more options for you to
customize the search behavior, which can be written as data- attributes in the
<input> element (all of them have default values):

• data-info-init: the placeholder text of the input when the search index is
  being initialized, which happens as soon as the cursor is moved into the
  input;

• data-info-ok: the placeholder text after the search index is successfully
  initialized;

• data-info-fail: the placeholder text when the initialization fails;

• data-index-url: the URL to index.json;

• data-text-length: the length of the preview text;

• data-limit: the maximum number of results to return;

• data-delay: the delay (in milliseconds) after the last key is lifted
  before searching (this is to avoid searching too frequently when typing). On
  mobile devices, the searching is performed only after hitting Enter; on
  other devices, searching is done after a short delay while typing.

Below is an example:

<input type="search" id="search-input" 
  data-info-init="Initializing... Please hold on." 
  data-text-length=500 data-limit=100 data-delay=300> 

You can also write more information on your search page, such as how to use the
search box (like what I
did).

Please feel free to fiddle with any of the code above if the existing options
for customization do not meet your need. Happy searching (your own site or
mine)!

本文转自： https://yihui.org/en/2023/09/fuse-search/
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